Polarons in two-dimensional atomic crystals

Polarons are quasiparticles that emerge from the interaction of fermionic particles with bosonic fields1. In crystalline solids, polarons form when electrons and holes become dressed by lattice vibrations. While experimental signatures in bulk three-dimensional materials abound4–14, only rarely have been observed two-dimensional atomic crystals. Here, we shed light on this asymmetry developing a quantitative ab initio theory atomically thin Using conceptual framework, determine real-space structure recently hole polaron hexagonal boron nitride, discover critical condition for existence crystals establish key descriptors universal laws underpin physics two dimensions. When crystal interact surrounding lattice, they can known as polarons. A computational approach to studying explains why these systems.